WAC 296-307-56050   Definitions.  The following definitions apply to this chapter:

     Article (manufactured item)

     A manufactured item that

     • Is not a fluid or particle

     AND

     • Is formed to a specific shape or design during manufacture for a particular end use function

     AND

     • Releases only trace amounts of a hazardous chemical during normal use and does not pose a physical or health risk to employees.

     Chemical

     • An element or mixture of elements

     OR

     • A compound or mixture of compounds

     OR

     • A mixture of elements and compounds

     Included are manufactured items (such as bricks, welding rods and sheet metal) that are not exempt as an article.

     Chemical name

     • The scientific designation of a chemical developed by the

     – International union of pure and applied chemistry (IUPAC)

     OR

     – Chemical abstracts service (CAS) rules of nomenclature

     OR

     • A name that clearly identifies the chemical for the purpose of conducting a hazard evaluation.

     Combustible liquid

     Liquids with a flashpoint of at least 100°F (37.8°C) and below 200°F (93.3°C). A mixture with at least 99% of its components having flashpoints of 200°F (93.3°C), or higher, is not considered a combustible liquid.

     Commercial account

     An arrangement where a retailer is selling hazardous chemicals to an employer

     • Generally in large quantities over time

     OR

     • At costs below regular retail price.

     Common name

     Any designation or identification used to identify a chemical other than the chemical name, such as a

     • Code name or number

     OR

     • Trade or brand name

     OR

     • Generic name.

     Compressed gas

     • A contained gas or mixture of gases with an absolute pressure greater than:

     – 40 psi at 70°F (21.1°C)

     OR

     – 104 psi at 130°F (54.4°C) regardless of the pressure at 70°F (21.1°C)

     OR

     • A liquid with a vapor pressure greater than 40 psi at 100°F (37.8°C), as determined by ASTM D323-72.

     Container

     A vessel, other than a pipe or piping system, that holds a hazardous chemical. Examples include:

     • Bags

     • Barrels

     • Bottles

     • Boxes

     • Cans

     • Cylinders

     • Drums

     • Reaction vessels

     • Storage tanks

     • Rail cars.

     Designated representative

     • An individual or organization with written authorization from an employee

     OR

     • A recognized or certified collective bargaining agent (not necessarily authorized by an employee)

     OR

     • A legal representative of a deceased or legally incapacitated employee.

     Distributor

     A business that supplies hazardous chemicals to other employers. Included are employers who conduct retail and wholesale transactions.

     Explosive

     A chemical that causes a sudden, almost instant release of pressure, gas, and heat when exposed to a sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature.

     Flammable

     A chemical in one of the following categories:

     • Aerosols that, when tested using a method described in 16 CFR 1500.45, yield either a:

     – Flame projection of more than eighteen inches at full valve opening

     OR

     – A flashback (a flame extending back to the valve) at any degree of valve opening

     • Gases that, at the temperature and pressure of the surrounding area, form a:

     – Flammable mixture with air at a concentration of thirteen percent, by volume, or less

     OR

     – Range of flammable mixtures with air wider than twelve percent, by volume, regardless of the lower limit

     • Liquids with a flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C). A mixture with at least ninety-nine percent of its components having flashpoints of 100°F (37.8°C), or higher, is not considered a flammable liquid

     • Solids, other than blasting agents or explosives, as defined in WAC 296-52-417 or 29 CFR 1910.109(a), that:

     – Is likely to cause fire through friction, moisture, absorption, spontaneous chemical change or retained heat from manufacturing or processing

     OR

     – That can be readily ignited (and when ignited burns so vigorously and persistently that it creates a serious hazard)

     OR

     – When tested by the method described in 16 CFR 1500.44, ignite and burn with a self-sustained flame at a rate greater than 1/10th of an inch per second along its major axis.

     Flashpoint

     The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off an ignitable concentration of vapor, when tested by any of the following measurement methods:

     • Tagliabue closed tester. Use this for liquids with a viscosity less than 45 Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) at 100°F (37.8°C), that do not contain suspended solids and do not tend to form a surface film under test. See American National Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Tag Closed Tester, Z11.24.1979 (ASTM D 56-79)

     • Pensky-Martens closed tester. Use this for liquids with a viscosity equal to, or greater than, 45 SUS at 100°F (37.8°C) or for liquids that contain suspended solids or have a tendency to form a surface film under test. See American National Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester, Z11.7.1979 (ASTM D 93-79)

     • Setaflash closed tester. See American National Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by Setaflash Closed Tester (ASTM D 3278-78)

     Organic peroxides, which undergo auto accelerating thermal decomposition, are excluded from any of the flashpoint measurement methods specified above.

     Hazardous chemical

     A chemical, which is a physical or health hazard.

     Hazard warning

     Words, pictures or symbols (alone or in combination) that appear on labels (or other forms of warning such as placards or tags) that communicate specific physical and health hazards (including target organ effects) associated with chemicals in a container.

     Health hazard

     A chemical that may cause health effects in short or long-term exposed employees based on statistically significant evidence from a single study conducted by using established scientific principles.

     Health hazards include, but are not limited to, any of the following:

     • Carcinogens

     • Toxic or highly toxic substances

     • Reproductive toxins

     • Irritants

     • Corrosives

     • Sensitizers

     • Hepatotoxins (liver toxins)

     • Nephrotoxins (kidney toxins)

     • Neurotoxins (nervous system toxins)

     • Substances that act on the hematopoietic system (blood or blood forming system)

     • Substances that can damage the lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous membranes.

     Identity

     A chemical or common name listed on the material safety data sheet (MSDS) and label.

     Importer

     The first business, within the Customs Territory of the United States, that receives hazardous chemicals produced in other countries and supplies them to manufacturers, distributors or employers within the United States.

     Label

     Written, printed, or graphic material displayed on, or attached to, a container of hazardous chemicals.

     Manufacturer

     An employer with a workplace where one or more chemicals (including items not exempt as "articles," see Table 1 in this part) are produced for use or distribution.

     Material safety data sheet (MSDS)

     Written, printed or electronic information (on paper, microfiche, or on-screen) that informs manufacturers, distributors or employers about the chemical, its hazards and protective measures as required by this rule.

     Mixture

     A combination of two or more chemicals that retain their chemical identify after being combined.

     Organic peroxide

     An organic compound containing the bivalent-O-O-structure. It may be considered a structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide if one or both of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an organic radical.

     Oxidizer

     A chemical, other than a blasting agent or explosive as defined in WAC 296-52-417 or 29 CFR 1910.109(a), that starts or promotes combustion in other materials, causing fire either of itself or through the release of oxygen or other gases.

     Permissible exposure limits

     See WAC 296-307-628, for definition of this term.

     Physical hazards

     A chemical that has scientifically valid evidence to show it is one of the following:

     • A combustible liquid

     • A compressed gas

     • Explosive

     • Flammable

     • An organic peroxide

     • An oxidizer

     • Pyrophoric

     • Unstable (reactive)

     • Water-reactive.

     Produce

     To do one or more of the following:

     • Manufacture

     • Process

     • Formulate

     • Blend

     • Extract

     • Generate

     • Emit

     • Repackage.

     Pyrophoric

     Chemicals that ignite spontaneously in the air at a temperature of 130°F (54.4°C) or below.

     Responsible party

     Someone who can provide more information about the hazardous chemical and appropriate emergency procedures.

     Retailer

     See "distributor."

     Threshold limit values (TLVs)

     Airborne concentrations of substances established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), and represent conditions under which it is believed that nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed day after day without adverse health effects.

     TLVs are specified in the most recent edition of the Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices and include the following categories:

     • Threshold limit value-time-weighted average (TLV-TWA)

     • Threshold limit value-short-term exposure limit (TLV-STEL)

     • Threshold limit value-ceiling (TLV-C).

     Unstable (reactive)

     A chemical in its pure state, or as produced or transported, that will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or become self-reactive under conditions of shocks, pressure or temperature.

     Use

     To do one or more of the following:

     • Package

     • Handle

     • React

     • Emit

     • Extract

     • Generate as a by-product

     • Transfer.

     Water-reactive

     A chemical that reacts with water to release a gas that is either flammable or presents a heath hazard.

     Wholesaler

     See "distributor."



[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, 49.17.040, 49.17.050, 49.17.060. 05-01-166, § 296-307-56050, filed 12/21/04, effective 4/2/05; 03-10-068, § 296-307-56050, filed 5/6/03, effective 8/1/03.]