WAC 296-305-08000   Appendices.  These appendices are nonmandatory and are included to reference and information purposes only.


     Appendix A -- Recommended cleaning procedures for protective turnout clothing and station uniforms.

     (1) Protective clothing should be washed separately from other garments.

     (2) Do not use chlorine bleach (sodium hypochlorite) as this will adversely affect the tear strength of your protective clothing and lessen its life. Oxygenated bleaches such as Liquid Clorox II, and Vivid may be used.

     (3) Protective clothing may be spot treated or pretreated for hard to remove stains with products such as liquid Spray and Wash, liquid Tide, liquid dishwashing detergent or liquid Shout.

Note:

The use of brand names is intended only to indicate a type of cleaning agent. All products listed by name must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Use of a brand name does not constitute an endorsement nor does omission of a particular product brand imply that a product is inferior. Solvents should not be used as they lesson the life of the garment, reduce visibility on the trim, and degrade leather.

     (4) When pretreating or spot treating a garment, apply the detergent onto the soiled area. Gently rub the fabric together until a light foam appears on the surface. Use a soft bristle brush (toothbrush type) and scrub the area for about one and one-half minutes. Reapply liquid detergent onto the soiled area and place the garment into the washing machine.

     (5) When cleaning turnout clothing the garment should be turned inside out, the hooks and dees fastened, the liner removed, and the garment placed in a laundry bag. These instructions can be used for cleaning any wash loads in a large capacity (sixteen gallon) top loading or front loading machine. Load the machine with any one of the following combinations - do not overload:

     (a) One protective coat and one pair of trousers.

     (b) Two protective coats.

     (c) Two protective pair of trousers.

Note:

Heavily soiled garments should be treated as outlined in (4).

     (6) While the washing machine is filling with hot water (temperature between 120 degrees F and 130 degrees F), add one-half cup (four ounces) of liquid oxygenated bleach and one cup (eight ounces) of liquid detergent.

     (a) Fill washing machine to highest water level,

     (b) Add garments to be washed,

     (c) Set washing machine for normal cycle, cotton white, or similar setting.

     (d) Machines should be programmed for a double rinse. If the machine will not automatically double rinse, a complete second cycle can be run without adding detergent or oxygenated bleach. Double rinse helps remove any residual dirt and ensures detergent removal.

     (e) Remove garments from washing machine when done and dry by hanging in a shaded area that receives good cross ventilation, or hang on a line and use a fan to circulate air. A water extractor may be utilized.

     (f) After the garments have been removed, run the laundry machine empty or with a dummy (rag) load with detergent at least once; but preferably several times to purge the machine of any residue.

     (7) Inspect and examine the trim as to the effectiveness of the trim performance under daytime and nighttime conditions. It is important that a high visibility be maintained at all possible orientations to the light source.

     (8) The above procedures can be used for any article of clothing issued that is not contaminated with bloodborne pathogens or any other infectious disease. For clothing exposed to hazardous materials, consult the manufacturer or the appropriate decontamination document.

     (9) Procedure for clothing (except wool clothing) that has been exposed to bloodborne pathogens or infectious diseases.

     (a) Disposable gloves should be used when handling contaminated clothing.

     (b) Each station should have an area designated for the cleaning of equipment. The area designated should not be near kitchen, living, sleeping, or personal hygiene areas.

     (c) Contaminated clothing should be handled as little as possible with a minimum of agitation. Contaminated clothing should be cleaned as soon as possible. When the on-coming shift has to clean contaminated clothing for the off-going shift, all contaminated clothing should be stored in red biohazard bags, properly sealed to prevent the spread of potential contamination.

     (d) To clean clothing that has been contaminated, a germicidal detergent should be used. Such germicidal should be EPA approved and effective as staphylocidal, pseudomonacidial, virucidal, and fungicicial detergent.

     (e) The germicidal detergent is intended to be a complete disinfecting and cleaning agent when mixed according to the manufacturer's directions. Do not add any chemical or detergent to the germicidal solution. After the clothing has been disinfected the clothing should be washed as outlined under normal use.

     (f) Wool uniforms should be spot cleaned, placed in the red biohazard bags and sent to an industrial laundry for cleaning.

     (10) Helmets, gloves, hoods, and boots should be cleaned as follows:

     (a) Preclean using a germicidal solution and scrub all contaminated areas with a soft bristled brush. Rinse with clean water. Dispose of the precleaning solution by pouring it down the drain in the cleaning area.

     (b) Using a fresh germicidal solution, repeat the above procedure allowing the areas to remain wet for a minimum of fifteen minutes. Double rinse with clean water and air dry. Dispose of the solution by pouring it down the drain in the cleaning area.

     (c) For gloves, use a third fresh water rinse, squeezing and rinsing several times. Dispose of the solution by pouring it down the drain in the cleaning area.

     (11) Front loading industrial laundry machines are designed for the type of cleaning required for protective clothing. Machines are available from Milnor, Model 30015C6M-AAC, for washing; or a Huabsch Originator, Model 3705H, for a dryer.

Note:

The use of brand names is intended only to indicate a type of cleaning equipment. All products listed by name must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Use of a brand name does not constitute an endorsement nor does omission of a particular product brand imply that a product is inferior.

PPE Cleaning and Decontamination Decision-Making Process

     Appendix B -- Life safety ropes. (1) Life safety rope may be significantly weakened by abrasion, misuse, contamination, wear, and stresses approaching its breaking strength, particularly impact loading. Since there are no approved methods to service test a rope without compromising its strength, rope rescue and training operations should be carefully observed and monitored for conditions that could cause immediate failure or result in undetectable damage to the rope.

     (2) If a rope has been used in a situation that could not be supervised or where potential damage may have occurred, it must be removed from service and destroyed.

     (3) It is important that ropes be inspected for signs of wear by qualified individuals after each use. If indication of wear or damage are noted, or if the rope has been stressed in excess of the manufacturer's recommendation or impact loaded, it must be destroyed.

     (4) The destruction of the rope means that it must be removed from service and altered in such a manner that it could not be mistakenly used as a life safety rope. This alteration could include disposing of the rope, or removal of identifying labels and attachments, and cutting the rope into short lengths that could be used for utility purposes.

     (5) The assignment of "disposable" life safety ropes to members or to vehicles has proved to be an effective system to manage ropes that are provided for emergency use and are used infrequently. Special rescue teams, which train frequently and use large quantities of rope, should include members who are qualified to manage and evaluate the condition of their ropes and determine the limitations upon their reuse.


     Appendix C -- Decontamination. (1) A decontamination area should be established whenever civilians or fire department personnel have had known or suspected exposure to toxic chemicals.

     (2) Such decontamination areas should be established before any personnel are allowed to enter the "Hot" zone.

     (3) The decontamination area should be set up using the following guidelines:

     (a) The decontamination area should be located uphill, upwind and at a right angle to the "Hot" zone.

     (b) The decontamination area entry/exit point and boundaries should be clearly marked using flagging tape, ropes, cones, etc.

     (3) Visqueene should be spread on the ground in the decontamination area to control runoff.

     (4) The decontamination process is divided into stations. In most cases it will not be necessary to utilize all the stations. The decision to use all or part of the stations should be based on the following factors:

     (a) The hazards associated with the product involved.

     (b) The estimated levels of contamination.

     (c) The type of protective equipment worn by contaminated responders.

     (d) Recommendations from outside sources such as, but not limited to CHEMTREC, the agency for toxic substance and disease registry, poison control centers or the manufacturer of the product.

     (5) The following is a list of all the stations in a nine-step decontamination area set up for a worst case scenario involving a hazardous materials response team member whose chemical suit has been breached:

     (a) Station #1 - Segregated equipment drop: Contaminated equipment that will be used again in the "Hot" zone, disposed of, or decontaminated at a later time or place, will be deposited here.

     (b) Station #2 - Wash/rinse: Entry personnel will be washed with appropriate decontamination solution and rinsed with water by attendant(s) to remove gross contamination. This station may consist of multiple wash/rinse steps depending on the severity of the hazards involved.

     (c) Station #3 - Outer protective clothing removal: Attendant(s) will remove the outer protective clothing from entry personnel being cautious to avoid touching the inside of the suit while removing it. Protective clothing that has been removed at this step shall be placed in an overpack or other appropriate container for later testing and further decontamination, if needed.

     (d) Station #4 - Removal of SCBA: The entry personnel are assisted in removing their SCBA by an attendant. The SCBA facepiece should be left in place and the low pressure hose held away from any potentially contaminated inner clothing.

     (e) Station #5 - Removal of inner clothing: All clothing worn inside the suit must be removed in cases where the suit has been penetrated and the entry personnel are contaminated.

     (f) Station #6 - Personal shower: Entry personnel should wash and rinse entire body with mild soap and water. Contain runoff water if possible, however this is an emergency situation and containment is secondary to removing contaminants from personnel.

     (g) Station #7 - Drying off: Entry personnel that have showered should dry off using towels or whatever is available. Items used should be placed in an appropriate container for disposal. Emergency clothing such as disposable coveralls should be provided.

     (h) Station #8 - Medical evaluation: Entry personnel should be evaluated by paramedics - checking vital signs including temperature and level of consciousness. Records of the evaluation must be kept and given to the team safety officer to be included in the members exposure records.

     (i) Station #9 - Transport to emergency room: Any personnel exhibiting any signs or symptoms of exposure should be transported to the emergency room for evaluation and observation.

     (6) The hazardous materials response team van should carry premeasured packets of decontamination solution mixes for the purpose of decontaminating chemical protective clothing and other equipment at the scene of a hazardous materials emergency. These solutions are not to be used to decontaminate turnouts or exposed skin under any circumstances.

     (7) The primary solution used will be a simple detergent and water mixture. Other special decontamination solution mixes will only be used in those situations when it is determined that the detergent and water solution is inappropriate.

     (8) Contaminated civilians that are exhibiting signs or symptoms of exposure should be treated as patients. Due to the risk of secondary contamination, all patients should undergo emergency field decontamination at the scene before being evaluated by medical personnel or being transported to the emergency room. Medical personnel should not accept any patient that has not been grossly decontaminated.

     (9) The emergency field decontamination process should consist of removing the clothing from all affected body parts of the exposed person and flushing with copious quantities of water from a garden hose or low pressure one and three-quarter inch handline to remove gross contamination. Patients will be flushed for up to fifteen minutes, depending on the material recommendations on patient decontamination.

     (10) Members performing patient decontamination should wear, at a minimum, full turnouts and SCBA and should avoid splashes and overspray to the extent possible. They should also undergo decontamination when they have finished decontaminating the patient.

     (11) Containment of the runoff water from patient decontamination is not required. Do not delay decontamination of patients to set up containment. However, some form of privacy screen should be erected to protect the modesty of those being decontaminated.

     (12) Responders that are contaminated in the process of performing rescue or other tasks will, at the minimum, be flushed with water for a minimum of one minute. Further flushing will be performed depending on the extent of contamination and subsequent adverse health effects.


     Appendix D--Wildland Fire Fighting Equipment Typings.

	PUMP RATE GMP MINIMUM	TANK CAPACITY IN GALLONS
PUMPER/BRUSH ENGINE:
ICS Type 7	20	125
ICS Type 6	50	200
ICS Type 5	50	500
ICS Type 4	70	750
ICS Type 3	120	300
PUMPER/CLASS A RATED:
ICS Type 2	500	400
ICS Type 1	1000	400

     Ten standard fire orders

     Fight fire aggressively but provide for safety first.

     Initiate all action based on current and expected fire behavior.

     Recognize current weather conditions and obtain forecasts.

     Ensure instructions are given and understood.

     Obtain current information on fire status.

     Remain in communication with crew members, your supervisor, and adjoining forces.

     Determine safety zones and escape routes.

     Establish lookouts in potentially hazardous situations.

     Retain control at all times.

     Stay alert, keep calm, think clearly, act decisively.


     Four common denominators of tragedy fires

     1.     Small fires or relatively quiet sectors of large fires.

     2.     Light fuels.

     3.     Steep slopes.

     4.     Change in wind speed and/or direction.


     "Watch Out" Situations

     1.     Fire not scouted and sized up.

     2.     In country not seen in daylight.

     3.     Safety zones and escape routes not identified.

     4.     Unfamiliar with weather and local factors influencing fire behavior.

     5.     Uninformed on strategy, tactics and hazards.

     6.     Instructions and assignments not clear.

     7.     No communication link with crew members or supervisor.

     8.     Constructing line without safe anchor point.

     9.     Building fire line downhill with fire below.

     10.     Attempting frontal assault on fire.

     11.     Unburned fuel between you and fire.

     12.     Cannot see main fire, not in contact with someone who can.

     13.     On a hillside where rolling material can ignite fuel below.

     14.     Weather becoming hotter and drier.

     15.     Wind increases and/or changes direction.

     16.     Getting frequent spot fires across line.

     17.     Terrain and fuels make escape to safety zones difficult.

     18.     Taking nap near fire line.


     National Wildlife Coordinating Group Fire Fighter II Performance Tasks

     1.     Agency policy for wildfires.

     2.     Extended attack fire orientation and dispatch.

     3.     Inmate orientation.

     4.     Fire line organization.

     5.     Tools and equipment.

     6.     Firing devices.

     7.     Wildland water delivery systems and pump use.

     8.     Introduction to wildland fire behavior.

     9.     Fire line safety.

     10.     Size up and initial attack.

     11.     Fire line construction.

     12.     Wildland fire investigation.

     13.     Structure protection.

     14.     Use of foam.

     15.     Mop up.

     16.     Compass use.

     17.     Map use.

     18.     Radio communications.

     19.     Incident command system.

     20.     Basic first aid.

     21.     Hazardous materials awareness.


     Appendix E -- Standard apparatus operation communications.

When fire fighters ride in the tiller's seat or other remote location, an electrical signal or voice communication should be installed between the tiller's seat, work station, and driver's compartment.

     (1) These signals should be used between the driver and the fire fighters:

     (a) One long buzz means stop;

     (b) Two buzzes mean forward;

     (c) Three buzzes mean reverse.

     (2) Before any of the above functions are undertaken, with the exception of stopping, the same signal must be both sent and received. The driver should not act without sending and receiving a confirming signal.

     (3) When using hand signals, these signals are as follows:


     STOP

     Hold hand to the side, shoulder high, exposing palm to the driver. At night, hold hands in the same manner, with the addition of a flashlight in one hand shinning at the driver. This will indicate an immediate STOP.

STOP

Hold hand to the die, shoulder high, exposing palm to the driver. At night, hold hands in the same manner, with the addition of a flashlight in one hand shining at the driver. This will indicate an immediate STOP.


     RIGHT OR LEFT

     Point in the desired direction with one hand and motion in a circular "come-on" gesture with the other hand at the chest level. At night direct a flashlight beam at the hand pointing in the desired direction.

RIGHT OR LEFT

Point in the desired direction with one hand and motion in a circular "come-on" gesture with other at the chest level. At night, direct a flashlight beam at the hand pointing in the desired direction.


     DIMINISHING CLEARANCE

     Hold the hands to one side of the body indicating the approximate amount of distance the apparatus is from the obstacle. Close hands accordingly as the driver slowly maneuvers the apparatus to point where the signal indicates immediate STOP. Always allow enough for drivers reaction time.

     At night, indicate in the same manner with the flashlight in the upper hands and beam directed at the palm of the other. On STOP, cover the flashlight beam with the hands.

DIMINISHING CLEARANCE

Hold the hands to one side of the body indicating the approximate amount of distance the apparatus is from the obstacle. Close hands accordingly as the driver slowly maneuvers the apparatus to point where the signal indicates immediate STOP. Always allow enough for divers reaction time. At night, indicate in the same manner with the flashlight in the upper hands and beam directed at the palm of the other. On STOP, cover the flashlight beam with the hands.


     AHEAD OR BACK-UP

     Hold hand directly in front, chest high, fingers on hands directed toward one another, and motion in a circular "come-on" gesture. At night hold a flashlight in one hand and direct the beam toward the other.

AHEAD OR BACK UP

Hold hand directly in front, chest high, fingers on hands directed toward one another, and motion in circular "come-on" gesture. At night hold a flashlight in one hand and direct the beam toward the other.



[Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, [49.17].050 and[49.17].060 . 96-11-067, § 296-305-08000, filed 5/10/96, effective 1/1/97.]