WAC 173-200-040   Criteria.  (1) Ground waters in the state of Washington support many different beneficial uses. The purpose of these criteria is to establish maximum contaminant concentrations for the protection of a variety of beneficial uses of Washington's ground water.

     (a) Drinking water is the beneficial use generally requiring the highest quality of ground water.

     (b) Providing protection to the level of drinking water standards will protect a great variety of existing and future beneficial uses.

     (c) Some ground waters of the state support environmental systems with existing and future beneficial uses requiring more stringent protection than that provided by human health based criteria. These ground waters and dependent uses will be protected by either or both of the following:

     (i) Designation of an area and its associated ground water as a special protection area in accordance with WAC 173-200-090.

     (ii) Establishment of enforcement limits as close to the natural ground water quality as possible for activities that may adversely affect those ground waters in accordance with WAC 173-200-050.

     (d) The use of criteria based on drinking water quality shall in no way be interpreted to mean that all ground waters are used for drinking water or that all ground waters are presently suitable for drinking water.

     (2) The following criteria shall apply to all ground waters in the state of Washington:

     (a) Ground water concentrations shall not exceed the criteria listed in Table 1, except as described in WAC 173-200-050 (3)(b).

     (b) For the primary and secondary contaminants and radionuclides listed in Table 1, the criteria shall be the most stringent concentration of the following and those listed in Table 1:

     (i) Maximum contaminant level goals;

     (ii) Maximum contaminant levels; and

     (iii) State maximum contaminant levels published in chapter 248-54 WAC as presently promulgated or subsequently amended or repromulgated.

     The criteria for primary and secondary contaminants and radionuclide contaminants in Table 1 shall be amended as the federal and state rules are amended and without amendment of this chapter.

     (c) For carcinogens listed in Table 1, the criteria are the concentrations that are anticipated to result in a total incremental human cancer risk of less than 1 in 1,000,000, and were estimated using the following equation and standard exposure assumptions:

Ground Water Criteria =      (ug/1)			RISK x BW x LIFE x UCF
			CPF x DWIR x DUR
Where:
RISK	=	Human cancer risk level (1 in 1,000,000)
BW	=	Body Weight (70 kg)
LIFE	=	Lifetime (70 years)
UCF	=	Unit conversion factor (1,000 ug/mg)
CPF	=	Cancer potency factor as published in the IRIS data base (1/mg/kg/day)
DWIR	=	Drinking water ingestion rate (2.0 liters/day)
DUR	=	Duration of exposure (30 years)

     For volatile carcinogens, inhalation exposure from showering was incorporated into the criteria by doubling the drinking water ingestion rate.

     (3) For contaminants for which no numeric criteria have been established, enforcement limits shall be established in accordance with WAC 173-200-050.


TABLE 1

GROUND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA

CONTAMINANT				CRITERION
I.	PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CONTAMINANTS AND RADIONUCLIDES
	A.	PRIMARY CONTAMINANTS
		Barium*	1.0		milligrams/ liter (mg/1)
		Cadmium*	0.01		mg/1
		Chromium*	0.05		mg/1
		Lead*	0.05		mg/1
		Mercury*	0.002		mg/1
		Selenium*	0.01		mg/1
		Silver*	0.05		mg/1
		Fluoride	4		mg/1
		Nitrate (as N)	10		mg/1
		Endrin	0.0002		mg/1
		Methoxychlor	0.1		mg/1
		1,1,1-Trichloroethane	0.20		mg/1
		2-4 D	0.10		mg/1
		2,4,5-TP Silvex	0.01		mg/1
		Total Coliform Bacteria	1/100		ml
	B.	SECONDARY CONTAMINANTS
		Copper*	1.0		mg/1
		Iron*	0.30		mg/1
		Manganese*	0.05		mg/1
		Zinc*	5.0		mg/1
		Chloride	250		mg/1
		Sulfate	250		mg/1
		Total Dissolved Solids	500		mg/1
		Foaming Agents	0.5		mg/1
		pH	6.5.8.5
		Corrosivity	noncorrosive
		Color	15 color units
		Odor	3 threshold      odor units
	C.	RADIONUCLIDES
		Gross Alpha Particle Activity	15		pico Curie/ liter (pCi/1)
		Gross Beta Particle Radioactivity      Gross Beta Activity      Tritium      Strontium-90	50 20,000 8		pCi/l pCi/l pCi/l
		Radium 226 & 228	5		pCi/1
		Radium -226	3		pCi/1
II. CARCINOGENS
		Acrylamide	0.02		micrograms/ liter ug/1
		Acrylonitrile	0.07		ug/1
		Aldrin	0.005		ug/1
		Aniline	14		ug/1
		Aramite	3		ug/1
		Arsenic*	0.05		(ug/1)
		Azobenzene	0.7		ug/1
		Benzene	1.0		ug/1
		Benzidine	0.0004		ug/1
		Benzo(a)pyrene	0.008		ug/1
		Benzotrichloride	0.007		ug/1
		Benzyl chloride	0.5		ug/1
		Bis(chloroethyl)ether	0.07		ug/1
		Bis(chloromethyl)ether	0.0004		ug/1
		Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate	6.0		ug/1
		Bromodichloromethane	0.3		ug/1
		Bromoform	5		ug/1
		Carbazole	5		ug/1
		Carbon tetrachloride	0.3		ug/1
		Chlordane	0.06		ug/1
		Chlorodibromomethane	0.5		ug/1
		Chloroform	7.0		ug/1
		4 Chloro-2-methyl aniline	0.1		ug/1
		4 Chloro-2-methyl analine      hydrochloride	0.2		ug/1
		o-Chloronitrobenzene	3		ug/1
		p-Chloronitrobenzene	5		ug/1
		Chlorthalonil	30		ug/1
		Diallate	1		ug/1
		DDT (includes DDE and DDD)	0.3		ug/1
		1,2 Dibromoethane	0.001		ug/1
		1,4 Dichlorobenzene	4		ug/1
		3,3' Dichlorobenzidine	0.2		ug/1
		1,1 Dichloroethane	1.0		ug/1
		1,2 Dichloroethane      (ethylene chloride)	0.5		ug/1
		1,2 Dichloropropane	0.6		ug/1
		1,3 Dichloropropene	0.2		ug/1
		Dichlorvos	0.3		ug/1
		Dieldrin	0.005		ug/1
		3,3' Dimethoxybenzidine	6		ug/1
		3,3 Dimethylbenzidine	0.007
		1,2 Dimethylhydrazine	60		ug/1
		2,4 Dinitrotoluene	0.1		ug/1
		2,6 Dinitrotoluene	0.1		ug/1
		1,4 Dioxane	7.0		ug/1
		1,2 Diphenylhydrazine	0.09		ug/1
		Direct Black 38	0.009		ug/1
		Direct Blue 6	0.009		ug/1
		Direct Brown 95	0.009		ug/1
		Epichlorohydrin	8		ug/1
		Ethyl acrylate	2		ug/1
		Ethylene dibromide	0.001		ug/1
		Ethylene thiourea	2		ug/1
		Folpet	20		ug/1
		Furazolidone	0.02		ug/1
		Furium	0.002		ug/1
		Furmecyclox	3		ug/1
		Heptachlor	0.02		ug/1
		Heptachlor Epoxide	0.009		ug/1
		Hexachlorobenzene	0.05		ug/1
		Hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha)	0.001		ug/1
		Hexachlorocyclohexane      (technical)	0.05		ug/1
		Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, mix	0.00001		ug/1
		Hydrazine/Hydrazine sulfate	0.03		ug/1
		Lindane	0.06		ug/1
		2 Methoxy-5-nitroaniline	2		ug/1
		2 Methylaniline	0.2		ug/1
		2 Methylaniline hydrochloride	0.5		ug/1
		4,4' Methylene bis(N,N'-dimethyl)      aniline	2		ug/1
		Methylene chloride      (dichloromethane)	5		ug/1
		Mirex	0.05		ug/1
		Nitrofurazone	0.06		ug/1
		N-Nitrosodiethanolamine	0.03		ug/1
		N-Nitrosodiethylamine	0.0005		ug/1
		N-Nitrosodimethylamine	0.002		ug/1
		N-Nitrosodiphenylamine	17		ug/1
		N-Nitroso-di-n-propylamine	0.01		ug/1
		N-Nitrosopyrrolidine	0.04		ug/1
		N-Nitroso-di-n-butylamine	0.02		ug/1
		N-Nitroso-N-methylethylamine	0.004		ug/1
		PAH	0.01		ug/1
		PBBs	0.01		ug/1
		PCBs	0.01		ug/1
		o-Phenylenediamine	0.005		ug/1
		Propylene oxide	0.01		ug/1
		2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-      p-dioxin	0.0000006		ug/1
		Tetrachloroethylene      (perchloroethylene)	0.8		ug/1
		p,α,α,α-Tetrachlorotoluene	0.004		ug/1
		2,4 Toluenediamine	0.002		ug/1
		o-Toluidine	0.2		ug/1
		Toxaphene	0.08		ug/1
		Trichloroethylene	3		ug/1
		2,4,6-Trichlorophenol	4		ug/1
		Trimethyl phosphate	2		ug/1
		Vinyl chloride	0.02		ug/1

*metals are measured as total metals

[Statutory Authority: RCW 90.48.035. 90-22-023, § 173-200-040, filed 10/31/90, effective 12/1/90.]