Chapter 20.40 Zoning and Use Provisions

B. To maintain a stability in land use designation with similar characteristics and level of activity through the provisions of harmonious groupings of zones together.

C. To provide and efficient and compatible relationship of land uses and zones. (Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 1(A), 2000).

20.40.020 Zones and map designations.

The following zoning and map symbols are established as shown in the following table:


ZONING	MAP SYMBOL
RESIDENTIAL
(Low, Medium, and High Density)	R–4 through 48 (Numerical designator relating to base density in dwelling units per acre)
NONRESIDENTIAL
Neighborhood Business	NB
Office	O
Community Business	CB
Regional Business	RB
Industrial	I
Campus	CCZ, FCZ, PHZ, SCZ1
Special Overlay Districts	SO
North City Business District	NCBD
Planned Area	PLA

1 CCZ refers to the CRISTA Campus; FCZ refers to the Fircrest Campus; PHZ refers to the Public Health Laboratory Campus; and SCZ refers to Shoreline Community College Campus.

(Ord. 507 § 4, 2008; Ord. 492 § 3, 2008; Ord. 281 § 4, 2001; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 1(B), 2000).

20.40.030 Residential zones.

A. The purpose of low density residential, R-4 and R-6 zones, is to provide for a mix of predominantly single detached dwelling units and other development types, such as accessory dwelling units and community facilities that are compatible with existing development and neighborhood character.

B. The purpose of medium density residential, R-8 and R-12 zones, is to provide for a mix of single-family homes, duplexes, triplexes, townhouses, and community facilities in a manner that provides for additional density at a modest scale.

C. The purpose of high density residential, R-18, R-24, R-36 and R-48 zones, is to provide for a mix of predominantly apartment and townhouse dwelling units and other compatible uses. (Ord. 462 § 1, 2007; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 1(C), 2000).

20.40.040 Nonresidential zones.

A. The purpose of the neighborhood business (NB) and the office (O) zones is to allow for low intensity office, business and service uses located on or with convenient access to arterial streets. In addition these zones serve to accommodate medium and higher density residential, townhouses, mixed use types of development, while serving as a buffer between higher intensity uses and residential zones.

B. The purpose of the community business zone (CB) is to provide location for a wide variety of business activities, such as convenience and comparison retail, personal services for local service, and to allow for apartments and higher intensity mixed use developments.

C. The purpose of the regional business (RB) and industrial (I) zones is to provide for the location of integrated complexes made up of business and office uses serving regional market areas with significant employment opportunities. Such zones require accessibility to regional transportation corridors. Development of higher buildings and mixed-uses, that are supportive of transit are encouraged in these zones. (Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 1(D), 2000).

20.40.045 Campus zones.

A. The purpose of the campus zone is to provide for the location of charitable, educational, health, rehabilitative or other institutions and ancillary or compatible uses to the primary institutions located on the same site.

B. Specific areas have been established to implement the appropriate objective of each different campus zone as follows:

1. CRISTA Campus Zone (CCZ). CRISTA Ministries is an approximately 55-acre campus that provides such services and uses as education, senior care and housing, broadcasting, headquarters for humanitarian missions, relief and aid to those in need and specialized camps.

2. Fircrest Campus Zone (FCZ). The Fircrest Campus is an approximately 83-acre site with existing uses that include the Fircrest School, a state-operated residential habilitation center and two not-for-profit tenants.

3. Public Health Laboratory Zone (PHZ). The Public Health Laboratory is an approximately seven-acre campus that provides diagnostic and analytical services for the assessment and monitoring of infectious, communicable, genetic and chronic diseases and environmental health concerns for the State of Washington.

4. Shoreline Community College Campus Zone (SCZ). Shoreline Community College is an approximately 79-acre state-operated community college. The college provides academic, professional, technical and workforce training programs, continuing education and community involvement programs to meet the lifelong learning needs of the community.

C. All development within campus zones shall be governed by a master development plan reviewed pursuant to SMC 20.30.060 and 20.30.353. (Ord. 507 § 4, 2008).

20.40.050 Special districts.

A. Special Overlay District. The purpose of the special overlay (SO) district is to apply supplemental regulations as specified in this Code to a development of any site, which is in whole or in part located in a special overlay district (Chapter 20.100 SMC, Special Districts). Any such development must comply with both the supplemental SO and the underlying zone regulations.

B. Subarea Plan District. The purpose of a subarea plan district is to implement an adopted subarea plan using regulations tailored to meet the specific goals and policies established in the Comprehensive Plan for the subarea.

1. North City Business District (NCBD). The purpose of the NCBD is to implement the vision contained in the North City Subarea Plan. Any development in the NCBD must comply with the standards specified in Chapter 20.90 SMC.

C. Planned Area (PLA). The purpose of the PLA is to allow unique zones with regulations tailored to the specific circumstances, public priorities, or opportunities of a particular area that may not be appropriate in a city-wide land use district.

1. Planned Area 2: Ridgecrest (PLA 2). Any development in PLA 2 must comply with the standards specified in Chapter 20.91 SMC. (Ord. 507 § 4, 2008; Ord. 492 § 4, 2008; Ord. 338 § 3, 2003; Ord. 281 § 5, 2001; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 1(E), 2000).

20.40.060 Zoning map and zone boundaries.*

A. The location and boundaries of zones defined by this chapter shall be shown and delineated on the official zoning map(s) of the City, which shall be maintained as such and which are hereby incorporated by reference as a part of this Code.

B. Changes in the boundaries of the zones, shall be made by ordinance adopting or amending a zoning map.

C. Where uncertainty exists as to the boundaries of any zone, the following rules shall apply:

1. Where boundaries are indicated as paralleling the approximate centerline of the street right-of-way, the zone shall extend to each adjacent boundary of the right-of-way. Non-road-related uses by adjacent property owners, if allowed in the right-of-way, shall meet the same zoning requirements regulating the property owners’ lots;

2. Where boundaries are indicated as approximately following lot lines, the actual lot lines shall be considered the boundaries;

3. Where boundaries are indicated as following lines of ordinary high water, or government meander line, the lines shall be considered to be the actual boundaries. If these lines should change the boundaries shall be considered to move with them; and

4. If none of the rules of interpretation described in subsections (C)(1) through (3) apply, then the zoning boundary shall be determined by map scaling.

D. Classification of Rights-of-Way.

1. Except when such areas are specifically designated on the zoning map as being classified in one of the zones provided in this title, land contained in rights-of-way for streets or alleys, or railroads, shall be considered unclassified.

2. Within railroad rights-of-way, allowed uses shall be limited to tracks, signals or other operating devices, movement of rolling stock, utility lines and equipment, and facilities accessory to and used directly for the delivery and distribution of services to abutting property.

3. Where such right-of-way is vacated, the vacated area shall have the zone classification of the adjoining property with which it is merged. (Ord. 352 § 1, 2004; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 1(F), 2000).

*Code reviser’s note: The official Shoreline Zoning Map is on file at the offices of the City. Contact City Hall for more information.

20.40.100 Purpose.

A. The purpose of this subchapter is to establish the uses generally permitted in each zone which are compatible with the purpose of the zone and other uses allowed within the zone.

B. The use of a property is defined by the activity for which the building or lot is intended, designed, arranged, occupied or maintained.

C. The use is considered permanently established when that use will be or has been legally established in continuous operation for a period exceeding 60 days.

Exception to SMC 20.40.100(C)(1): A use which will operate for less than 60 days is considered a temporary use, and subject to the requirements of a temporary use permit.

D. All applicable requirements of this Code, or other applicable State or Federal requirements, shall govern a use located in the City. (Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 2(A), 2000).

20.40.110 Use tables.

A. The land use tables in this subchapter determine whether a specific use is allowed in a zone. The zone designation is located on the top of each column and the specific use is located on the horizontal rows.

B. If no symbol appears in the box at the intersection of the column and the row, the use is not allowed in that zone.

C. If the letter “P” appears in the box at the intersection of the column and the row, the use is permitted in that zone.

D. If the letter “C” appears in the box at the intersection of the column and row, the use is allowed subject to a conditional use permit.

E. If the letter “S” appears in the box at the intersection of the column and the row, the use is allowed subject to a special use permit.

F. If an “-i” appears in the box at the intersection of the column and the row, the use may be allowed subject to the appropriate review process indicated above (P, C or S), the requirements of this Code, and the specific conditions indicated in the Index of Supplemental Use Criteria (SMC 20.40.200 through 20.40.610) for that type of use.

G. For the purposes of this Code, in most instances only broad use classifications that share similar characteristics are listed in the use tables. Where separate regulations or permit processes are necessary, uses are classified further. Some uses are identified with a detailed description provided in a referenced North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) number. (This system classifies land uses by categories and provides subclassification for more detailed associated uses.) In case of a question as to the inclusion or exclusion of a particular proposed use, which is not identified in these tables, the use shall not be permitted unless allowed through a Code interpretation applying the criteria for Unlisted Use found in the Index of Supplemental Use Criteria (SMC 20.40.200 through 20.40.610). Temporary uses are allowed under criteria listed in SMC 20.30.295.

H. The Director is authorized to make reasonable accommodations to provisions of the Code that apply to dwellings occupied or to be occupied by disabled persons as defined by the Federal Fair Housing Act and Fair Housing Act Amendments, when such reasonable accommodations may be necessary in order to comply with such acts. All such accommodations shall be personal to the applicant and shall expire immediately if the disabled applicant terminates occupancy at the subject site. (Ord. 425 § 2, 2006; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 2(B), 2000).

20.40.120 Residential type uses.


NAICS #	SPECIFIC LAND USE	R4- R6	R8-R12	R18-R48	NB & O	CB & NCBD	RB & I
RESIDENTIAL GENERAL
	Accessory Dwelling Unit	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Affordable Housing	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Apartment		C	P	P	P	P
	Duplex	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Home Occupation	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Manufactured Home	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Mobile Home Park	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Single-Family Attached	P-i	P	P	P
	Single-Family Detached	P	P	C	C
GROUP RESIDENCES
	Boarding House	C-i	C-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Community Residential Facility-I (Less than 11 residents and staff)	C	C	P	P	P	P
	Community Residential Facility-II			P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
721310	Dormitory		C-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
TEMPORARY LODGING
721191	Bed and Breakfasts	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
72111	Hotel/Motel					P	P
	Recreational Vehicle	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Tent City	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
MISCELLANEOUS
	Animals, Small, Keeping and Raising	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i

P = Permitted Use S = Special Use C = Conditional Use -i = Indexed Supplemental Criteria

(Ord. 408 § 2, 2006; Ord. 368 § 1, 2005; Ord. 352 § 1, 2004; Ord. 301 § 1, 2002; Ord. 299 § 1, 2002; Ord. 281 § 6, 2001; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 2(B, Table 1), 2000).

20.40.130 Nonresidential uses.


NAICS #	SPECIFIC LAND USE	R4- R6	R8-R12	R18-R48	NB & O	CB & NCBD	RB & I
RETAIL/SERVICE TYPE
532	Automotive Rental and Leasing					P	P
81111	Automotive Repair and Service				P	P	P
451	Book and Video Stores/Rental (excludes Adult Use Facilities)			C	P	P	P
513	Broadcasting and Telecommunications						P
812220	Cemetery, Columbarium	C-i	C-i	C-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Churches, Synagogue, Temple	C	C	P	P	P	P
	Construction Retail, Freight, Cargo Service						P
	Daycare I Facilities	P-i	P-i	P	P	P	P
	Daycare II Facilities		C	P	P	P	P
722	Eating and Drinking Establishments (Excluding Gambling Uses)	C-i	C-i	C-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
812210	Funeral Home/Crematory	C-i	C-i	C-i		P-i	P-i
447	Gasoline Service Stations				P	P	P
	General Retail Trade/Services				P	P	P
811310	Heavy Equipment and Truck Repair						C
481	Helistop			S	S	S	C
485	Individual Transportation and Taxi					C	S
812910	Kennel or Cattery					C-i	P-i
	Library Adaptive Reuse	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
31	Light Manufacturing						S
441	Motor Vehicle and Boat Sales						P
	Professional Office			C	P	P	P
5417	Research, Development and Testing						P
	Shipping Containers					C	C
484	Trucking and Courier Service					P-i	P-i
541940	Veterinary Clinics and Hospitals				P-i	P-i	P-i
	Warehousing and Wholesale Trade						P
	Wireless Telecommunication Facility	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i

P = Permitted Use S = Special Use C = Conditional Use -i = Indexed Supplemental Criteria

(Ord. 469 § 1, 2007; Ord. 317 § 1, 2003; Ord. 299 § 1, 2002; Ord. 281 § 6, 2001; Ord. 277 § 1, 2001; Ord. 258 § 5, 2000; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 2(B, Table 2), 2000).

20.40.140 Other uses.


NAICS #	SPECIFIC USE	R4- R6	R8- R12	R18-R48	NB & O	CB & NCBD	RB & I
EDUCATION, ENTERTAINMENT, CULTURE, AND RECREATION
	Adult Use Facilities					P-i	P-i
71312	Amusement Arcade						P
71395	Bowling Center				C	P	P
6113	College and University				S	P	P
56192	Conference Center	C-i	C-i	C-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
6111	Elementary School, Middle/Junior High School	C	C	C
	Gambling Uses (expansion or intensification of existing nonconforming use only)				S-i	S-i	S-i
71391	Golf Facility	P-i	P-i	P-i
514120	Library	C	C	C	P	P	P
71211	Museum	C	C	C	P	P	P
	Nightclubs (excludes Adult Use Facilities)					C	P
7111	Outdoor Performance Center						S
	Parks and Trails	P	P	P	P	P	P
	Performing Arts Companies/Theater (excludes Adult Use Facilities)					P-i	P-i
6111	School District Support Facility	C	C	C	C	P	P
6111	Secondary or High School	C	C	C	C	P	P
6116	Specialized Instruction School	C-i	C-i	C-i	P	P	P
71399	Sports/Social Club	C	C	C	C	P	P
6114 (5)	Vocational School	C	C	C	C	P	P
GOVERNMENT
9221	Court					P-i	P-i
92216	Fire Facility	C-i	C-i	C-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Interim Recycling Facility	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
92212	Police Facility				S	P	P
92	Public Agency or Utility Office	S-i	S-i	S	S	P	P
92	Public Agency or Utility Yard	P-i	P-i	P-i			P-i
221	Utility Facility	C	C	C	P	P	P
	Utility Facility, Regional Stormwater Management	C	C	C	P	P	P
HEALTH
622	Hospital	C-i	C-i	C-i	C-i	P-i	P-i
6215	Medical Lab					P	P
6211	Medical Office/Outpatient Clinic	C-i	C-i	C-i	P	P	P
623	Nursing and Personal Care Facilities			C	C	P	P
REGIONAL
	School Bus Base	S-i	S-i	S-i	S-i	S-i	S-i
	Secure Community Transitional Facility						SCTFS-i
	Transfer Station	S	S	S	S	S	S
	Transit Bus Base	S	S	S	S	S	S
	Transit Park and Ride Lot	S-i	S-i	S-i	P	P	P
	Work Release Facility						S-i

P = Permitted Use S = Special Use C = Conditional Use -i = Indexed Supplemental Criteria SCTFS = Secure Community Transitional Facility Special Use

(Ord. 531 § 1 (Exh. 1), 2009; Ord. 309 § 4, 2002; Ord. 299 § 1, 2002; Ord. 281 § 6, 2001; Ord. 258 § 3, 2000; Ord. 238 Ch. IV § 2(B, Table 3), 2000).

20.40.150 Campus uses.


NAICS #	SPECIFIC LAND USE	CCZ	FCZ	PHZ	SCZ
513	Broadcasting and Telecommunications	P-m			P-m
	Bus Base	P-m			P-m
	Child and Adult Care Services	P-m	P-m		P-m
	Churches, Synagogue, Temple	P-m	P-m
6113	College and University				P-m
	Conference Center	P-m			P-m
6111	Elementary School, Middle/Junior, High School	P-m
	Food Storage, Repackaging, Warehousing and Distribution		P-m
	Fueling for On-Site Use Only		P-m		P-m
	Home Occupation	P-i	P-i
	Housing for Disabled Persons	P-m	P-m
	Library	P-m		P-m	P-m
	Light Manufacturing		P-m		P-m
	Maintenance Facilities for On-Site Maintenance	P-m	P-m	P-m	P-m
	Medical-Related Office or Clinic (including personal care facility, training facilities, and outpatient clinic)	P-m	P-m	P-m	P-m
	State Owned/Operated Office or Laboratory		P-m	P-m	P-m
	Outdoor Performance Center	P-m			P-m
623	Nursing and Personal Care Facilities	P-m	P-m		P-m
	Performing Arts Companies/Theater	P-m			P-m
	Personal Services (including laundry, dry cleaning, barber and beauty shop, shoe repair, massage therapy/health spa)	P-m	P-m		P-m
	Power Plant for Site Use Power Generation Only		P-m	P-m	P-m
	Recreational Facility	P-m	P-m		P-m
	Recreation Vehicle	P-i
	Research Development and Testing		P-m	P-m	P-m
	Residential Habilitation Center and Support Facilities	P-m	P-m
6111	Secondary or High School	P-m			P-m
	Senior Housing (apartments, duplexes, attached and detached single-family)	P-m
	Shipping Containers	P-i	P-i	P-i	P-i
	Social Service Providers		P-m		P-m
6116	Specialized Instruction School	P-m	P-m		P-m
	Support Uses and Services for the Institution On Site (including dental hygiene clinic, theater, restaurant, book and video stores and conference rooms)	P-m	P-m	P-m	P-m