(1) A consumer reporting agency may furnish a consumer report only under the following circumstances:

     (a) In response to the order of a court having jurisdiction to issue the order;

     (b) In accordance with the written instructions of the consumer to whom it relates; or

     (c) To a person that the agency has reason to believe:

     (i) Intends to use the information in connection with a credit transaction involving the consumer on whom the information is to be furnished and involving the extension of credit to, or review or collection of an account of, the consumer;

     (ii) Intends to use the information for employment purposes;

     (iii) Intends to use the information in connection with the underwriting of insurance involving the consumer;

     (iv) Intends to use the information in connection with a determination of the consumer's eligibility for a license or other benefit granted by a governmental instrumentality required by law to consider an applicant's financial responsibility or status; or

     (v) Otherwise has a legitimate business need for the information in connection with a business transaction involving the consumer.

     (2)(a) Subject to (c) of this subsection, a person may not procure a consumer report, or cause a consumer report to be procured, for employment purposes with respect to any consumer who is not an employee at the time the report is procured or caused to be procured unless:

     (i) A clear and conspicuous disclosure has been made in writing to the consumer before the report is procured or caused to be procured that a consumer report may be obtained for purposes of considering the consumer for employment. The disclosure may be contained in a written statement contained in employment application materials; or

     (ii) The consumer authorizes the procurement of the report.

     (b) A person may not procure a consumer report, or cause a consumer report to be procured, for employment purposes with respect to any employee unless the employee has received, at any time after the person became an employee, written notice that consumer reports may be used for employment purposes. A written statement that consumer reports may be used for employment purposes that is contained in employee guidelines or manuals available to employees or included in written materials provided to employees constitutes written notice for purposes of this subsection. This subsection does not apply with respect to a consumer report of an employee who the employer has reasonable cause to believe has engaged in specific activity that constitutes a violation of law.

     (c) As applied to (a) and (b) of this subsection, a person may not procure a consumer report for employment purposes where any information contained in the report bears on the consumer's creditworthiness, credit standing, or credit capacity, unless the information is either:

     (i) Substantially job related and the employer's reasons for the use of such information are disclosed to the consumer in writing; or

     (ii) Required by law.

     (d) In using a consumer report for employment purposes, before taking any adverse action based in whole or part on the report, a person shall provide to the consumer to whom the report relates: (i) The name, address, and telephone number of the consumer reporting agency providing the report; (ii) a description of the consumer's rights under this chapter pertaining to consumer reports obtained for employment purposes; and (iii) a reasonable opportunity to respond to any information in the report that is disputed by the consumer. This subsection applies to job applicants and current employees.

[2007 c 93 § 1; 1993 c 476 § 4.]